Muddassar Sharif, a Pakistani living in Shanghai, is an ardent entrepreneur. He started nine businesses during his four-year undergraduate studies at New York University Shanghai. After some failures and many lessons learnt, he finally established an artifi cial intelligence (AI) company that seems to be on the right track.
After graduating in May, Sharif decided to stay in Shanghai for further business development. Along with the extremely promising AI market in China, another important incentive that prompted his decision was the entrepreneur visa that Shanghai introduced last year for foreigners who launch startups in the city.
This visa measure is not new in China and has been adopted in quite a few cities including Shenyang, capital city of the northeastern province of Liaoning, and Nanjing, capital city of Jiangsu Province in the east.
HS系列无线控制系统由一只接收器和一只包含2、4、6、8、10、12、14或16个单速或双速功能键的发射器，或摇杆发射器组成，可在100m范围自由灵活的对设备进行无线操控，为操作人员提供了一个安全、可靠的远程控制环境；具备体积小，性能稳定，抗干扰能力强等特点。操作电源可根据环境及设备选择AC36V, AC110V, AC120V,AC220V, AC380V, AC/DC12V, AC/DC24V［5］。
What is new are 12 measures announced by the National Immigration Administration (NIA) on July 17, to ease restrictions on visa and permanent residence applications nationwide, which cover groups of foreign experts, scholars, students and entrepreneurs. They went into effect on August 1.
Easier and more convenient
In the past, it was not easy for foreigners without work experience or a Chinese work permit to get a regular visa for working in China, and even a work visa was valid for only one or two years at most.
Related services to facilitate their work and life in China should also be provided along with enhancing their sense of belonging, he added.
As China steps up efforts to bridge the talent gap, its permanent residence policy has been loosened. China has issued 133,000 visas and residence permits to foreign entrepreneurs, investors, and technical and management specialists over the past few years, according to Chen Bin, an NIA offi cial, at the press conference.
An international passenger goes through border control at an airport in Qingdao, east China’s Shandong Province, on January 1, the day when the city started a 144-hour visa-free transit policy for foreign passport holders
Meanwhile, the permanent residence application process was streamlined for more high-caliber foreign professionals, including holders of doctoral degrees and those who have made significant contributions to the country.
值为0 的区域属于非阴影栅格，值为1的区域说明仅在某一个时刻存在阴影；值为2的区域说明某两个时刻存在阴影；值为3 的区域表明该区域在3个时刻都为阴影区域；凡是值大于0 的地方，都是在 12∶00～14∶00 时间内有建筑遮挡的地方。
Foreign spouses and children of qualified foreigners can also join the application simultaneously, according to the Ministry of Public Security (MPS).
以笔者工作的浙江省科技馆为例，我馆和其他绝大多数科普场馆一样在职称评定上也存在一些急需解决的问题。我馆为公益一类事业单位，内设机构有十个，人力资源配置方面，省科技馆有编制内员工现有61人。岗位合同工目前总共51人，退休员工22人，承认的四种职称系列分别是：群众文化系列、工程师系列、工艺美术师系列、会计师系列。现有的职称水平为：在编职工中，具有初级职称及以下的16人，占27%；中级职称的34人，占55%；高级职称的11人，占18%，以上是我馆人力资源的基本情况，也从中可以看出目前存在的一些职称评定问题。
Jia Tongbin, a senior offi cial with the NIA, said the policy package is aimed at drawing management and technology specialists from overseas who are in urgent need in China.
一是社保问题。社保问题是M煤矿安置过程中的历史遗留问题，也是在安置初期引起员工与企业间冲突的主要问题。M煤矿作为企业方，未能足月缴纳员工社保的公司缴纳部分，员工合法权益受到侵害，在员工之间引起了较大的反应。虽然公司迅速进行了社保补缴，但员工对公司安置工作的不信任已经产生，一些持观望态度的员工对于接受安置更加犹豫。
“The policies are expected to encourage foreigners who work in China to make the most of their talent and attract more outstanding foreign youth to China,” Jia said.
Constant reforms
Zhang Guojun, a partner at PricewaterhouseCoopers and a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, China’s top political advisory body, proposed lowering the threshold for China’s green card in March. “We should vastly increase the number of permanent resident permits issued to foreign professionals and attract more of these people to come and work in China,” he said. “They are in need not only in developed areas and hi-tech industries, but also in underdeveloped areas.”
But by 2007, only about 10,000 foreigners had been granted residency due to its stringent requirements. The applicants either had to have made significant contributions to China; held high-level positions in government departments or laboratories involved in key national projects for at least four years; or invested at least $500,000 in west China or poor regions, $1 million in central China or $2 million in other areas for at least three consecutive years.
Bernard Lucas Feringa, winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, receives his Chinese permanent resident permit in Shanghai on May 2, 2018
China has issued 133,000 visas and residence permits to foreign entrepreneurs, investors, and technical and management specialists over the past few years
So far, holders of the Chinese green card include Bernard Lucas Feringa, winner of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry; Kurt Wüthrich, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002; and Robert A. Mundell, laureate of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1999. In 2016, Stephon Marbury, the former U.S. National Basketball Association All-Star, became the first foreign basketball player to obtain Chinese residency.
In addition, foreign graduates from world-renowned universities in other countries who come to China to start businesses within two years after graduation can apply for a visa for less than two years. Foreign students who are invited to do internships in China by noted enterprises or institutions can also apply for a one-year visa.
China launched the permanent residence program for foreigners in 2004. Joan Hinton, a nuclear physicist and one of the few women who worked on the U.S. Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb, was the fi rst foreigner to receive China’s permanent residence permit (green card). She moved to China in 1948 and lived there for over 50 years, dedicating herself to the improvement of agricultural machinery and the dairy industry. In 2010, she died in Beijing.
According to the new measures, foreign graduates from China’s prestigious higher learning institutions who start businesses in the country can get an entrepreneur visa valid for multiple entries for two to fi ve years.
These requirements made obtaining China’s green card one of the most diffi cult procedures in the world.
以Folin-酚试剂法测定蛋白质含量实验为例，将全班学生分成6～8组，每组按大纲要求自主查阅文献资料，制作PPT，教师提前发布关于原理和注意事项的课件以及微量移液器、721分光光度计的使用录像，感兴趣的学生也可参与实验准备。正式实验时，每组先由1名学生代表汇报，教师随时点评汇报内容和解答学生预习过程中的疑问，随后分别进行实验。如此，笔者在实验结束批改报告时发现，和以往相比，学生直接抄书的现象基本没有，实验讨论和结论部分的撰写不再敷衍，尽可能体现自己的见解和创新。
More choices
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang said in September 2017 that as the world’s largest developing country, China is at a critical stage of economic restructuring and upgrading. “We should not only make use of Chinese talent resources and market space, but also adopt a more open policy for foreign experts,” he said.
On April 2, 2018, the NIA was established under the MPS as a duty-specific institution to handle residence permit applications to make foreigners feel more welcomed in the country. Since then, the Chinese Government has optimized the application procedures for foreigners by accelerating the approval of qualified applicants. The NIA approved 1,881 permanent residence applications in two months after its inauguration, equivalent to the total number in 2017.
Subsequently, some cities have taken similar measures to facilitate the process for foreign professionals to receive visas. According to a report by Xinhua News Agency, Shenyang has set up more than 50 service centers or stations to provide services for foreign business people, students and residents. By May, there had been 83 foreign students who had gotten an entrepreneur visa in the city.
对不同密度、不同施肥处理的相对增加量进行双因素方差分析，结果表明(表5)：3种不同施肥处理并未对毛竹相对增产量产生显著差异(P=0.138>0.05)；在试验所设2种密度中，低密度毛竹林相对增加产量显著高于高密度毛竹林(P=0.023<0.05)。
At a press conference held on July 1, the MPS said China is considering setting up immigration affairs service centers or stations in areas with a large population of foreigners to make their work, study and life more convenient.
Authorities gear up to streamline the visa and permanent residence application process for foreigners By Yuan Yuan
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
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