Chinese President Xi Jinping attends a welcome ceremony hosted by Nepali President Bidya Devi Bhandari upon his arrival in Kathmandu on October 12
When Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping went to Nepal in February 1978, Madan Kumar Bhattarai was a young journalist with Nepal’s state-owned The Rising Nepal daily who got the much-coveted assignment to cover the visit. Forty-one years later, when Air China’s Boeing 747 carrying Chinese President Xi Jinping landed at the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu on October 12, the entire world had undergone a sea change.
From the China launched on a path of reform and opening up by Deng in 1978, the nation had become the second largest economy in the world. Nepal, from the world’s only Hindu kingdom during Deng’s visit, had become a secular republic. And Bhattarai, after becoming foreign secretary of Nepal and advisor to Nepali President Bidya Devi Bhandari, was enjoying a retirement break with his grandchildren in Melbourne, Australia.
But the impact of Xi’s state visit, reported across the globe, made Bhattarai put on his foreign affairs expert cap again to talk about Nepal’s past and future ties with China. He remembered Jiang Zemin, the last Chinese president to visit Nepal before Xi in 1996, had celebrated his 93rd birthday in August, gave Nepalis a succinct introduction to Xi’s life and work, and called the visit “an important milestone in the annals of Nepal-China ties of friendship and cooperation.”
A warm visitor
In a signed article published by the Nepali media ahead of his two-day visit, Xi said the trip was meant to renew friendship and explore cooperation. “I hope we can together draw up a new blueprint for our bilateral ties,” he said.
对于深松设备，在一班深松结束之后必须要立即将机具上的附着物清除干净，尤其是一些粘土，确保机具保持良好、精准的运行状态，再开始下一班作业。如果设备的负荷较大，则需要做好润滑工作，每一班都需要向机具的轴瓦或转动部位注油2次，并且要随时观察深松铲的磨损情况，发现有磨损之后要立即进行修复或者更换。
In the article titled Toward Greater Progress of China-Nepal Friendship Across the Himalayas, he emphasized the need for greater efforts to develop a multi-dimensional connectivity network across the Himalayas, with four priority cooperation areas: trade and investment, postdisaster reconstruction, energy and tourism.
2.2四组患者左室舒张功能指标比较:OSAHS患者组中,中度组与重度组患者E、A、E/A、二尖瓣环Am、二尖瓣环Em/Am指标明显低于对照组,二尖瓣环Em明显高于对照组,差意有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2。
“A trans-Himalayan connectivity network is thus taking shape, which will serve not just our two countries but also the region as a whole,” Xi said.
Xi remembered how when an earthquake devastated Wenchuan, a county in southwest China’s Sichuan Province, in 2008, “the government and people of Nepal made generous donations in support of the rescue and relief efforts in China.” In the same way, when a massive earthquake hit Nepal in 2015, the Chinese Government and people participated in rescue operations and post-disaster reconstruction. “These are shining examples of how China and Nepal look out for each other like brothers do,” he said.
提高柱塞总成密封效果的措施……………………………………………………………王海云，闵凡兵，崔晓燕，王克强（4.22）
The joint statement issued by the two countries detailed the plan for bilateral cooperation. Trade, tourism and infrastructure development and people-to-people exchanges were some of the major features.
Trade ties
Moreover, an ambitious China-Nepal Electric Power Cooperation Plan will be completed within a year to explore the development of clean energy such as hydropower, wind power, solar power and biomass energy.
Today, the trade is more sophisticated. Binod Chaudhary, the fi rst Nepali businessman to make it to Forbes’ list of global billionaires, is a scion of the Chaudhary Group, a family-run business that is today a conglomerate with about 80 companies dealing in goods as diverse as instant noodles and real estate.
⑳㉝㊺㊽［日］二 宫 周 平: 《家 族 法》，新 世 社 2014 年 版，第170 ～171、177、159、174、175 页。
In 2017, Nepal joined the Belt and Road Initiative. It also became a founding member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. The memorandum of understanding on China-Nepal cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative covers building dry ports, roads, railways, aviation and communications so that Nepal’s development agenda Samriddha Nepal, Sukhi Nepali (Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali) can transform the nation from a least developed country into a middle-income country by 2030.
由于资源、环境、社会、经济等多维度的差异导致了区域资源环境承载力的差异，区域生态系统的自我修复和调节功能也具有差异性，若在分析产业集聚与环境协调发展时未有效考虑区域资源环境承载能力就会导致研究结果缺乏客观性。区域资源环境承载力具有空间维度的扩散和时间维度的积累，目前开展的研究主要选择特定区域的特定时间界面或特点时间范围内的数据进行分析，忽略了区域范围内的污染积累、环境自我修复等因素所产生的影响，导致研究结论不统一，科学合理的产业集聚与区域环境协调发展模式未得到构建。
Belt and Road boost
Chaudhary went on a trek in Yunnan Province in southwest China and was amazed by the tourism potential there. “A small city like Lijiang has almost 7 million tourists a year,” he said, talking about the city that was one of the stops on the ancient Tea Horse Trail. Today, Chaudhary’s company has two boutique hotels in the region. In addition, this year, the Chaudhary Group partnered with Huawei Technologies, a leading Chinese telecommunication equipment manufacturer, to bring 4G services to Nepal.
Some of the major projects that received a push with Xi’s visit are a cross-border railway that will link Kathmandu with Xigaze in Tibet Autonomous Region, a second international airport in Pokhara, Nepal’s second most popular tourist destination after Kathmadu, and three economic corridors. Chinese banks will open branches and other fi nancial services in Nepal in the future to facilitate trade and investment.
The Salt Trade Route was one of the oldest trade links between China and Nepal. Around the ninth century, yak and sheep caravans went up the steep mountainous trail from northernmost Nepal to Tibet in southwest China, selling barley and wool to bring back salt.
一天，“包子西施”的老板来找平老板，说：“生意不好，当时租房订一年合同，现在才三个月，还没到期，你家生意好，把门面房转租给你，请平老板帮忙。”
Despite the long gap, he said Nepal was no strange place to him. “I have long wanted to come to Nepal and see for myself its majestic mountains and rivers and unique culture,” he said, describing China and Nepal as “good brothers who always stand alongside each other.”
“Xi’s visit is a boost for Nepal,” Gunaraj Luitel, Editor in Chief of Nagarik, said. “People who are aware of China’s development are aware of China’s interest in Nepal and the importance it has accorded Nepal. Since our capacity for development is limited, we hope there will be more development now.”
“China supports Nepal in hosting VNY 2020 and will encourage more Chinese tourists to visit Nepal,” Xi said. Reacting to that, Pradhan said it was a very powerful statement to promote VNY 2020 in China. “This is the fi rst statement by a world leader about VNY 2020,” he said.
Friendship through visits
Visits to China are a permanent fi xture in Sarad Pradhan’s calendar. The media expert at Nepal Tourism Board (NTB) is a mandatory attendee at key fairs like the Beijing International Fair for Trade in Services and even lesser known events like the international photography competition in Chengdu, Sichuan, in 2017, to woo Chinese tourists to Nepal.
Pradhan was jubilant about Xi’s visit. In 2018, the number of tourists to Nepal surpassed 1 million, with Chinese visitors being the second largest group. Since Nepal is promoting 2020 as Visit Nepal Year (VNY), Pradhan thinks Xi’s visit will up the number of Chinese arrivals. Nepal was the fi rst South Asian destination approved by the Chinese Government and in 2016, the Nepali Government waived the visa fee for Chinese tourists. Nearly 60 fl ights connect the two countries every week.
古交一带铁矿受断裂构造影响，岩体为正长岩、正长斑岩及二长岩、斑状二长岩，围岩为灰岩、泥灰岩，岩体在地表多呈不规则环形构造，矿体主要受次一级褶皱构造影响，矿体多分布于褶皱构造的翼部和轴部，如郭家梁矿区、上白泉矿区。岩体呈多层、顺层贯入，受热液影响，围岩发生矽卡岩化。
为患者发放自制护理满意度调查表，总分值为100分，85分以上代表满意，60～85分代表比较满意，不足60分则代表不满意。护理满意度＝（基本满意例数＋满意例数）/总例数*100%。
Pradhan described Chinese tourists’ growing interest in soft adventures in Nepal such as jungle safaris and paragliding. Young couples are also discovering Nepal as a spectacular destination for shooting their obligatory wedding photographs. Pradhan said NTB conducts regular Chinese classes for tourism entrepreneurs with the support of the Chinese Government to bridge the language gap.
Besides Kathmandu, Pokhara, and Chitwan in south Nepal, famed for its wildlife park, Lumbini, also in the south, is a major draw, being the birthplace of Nepali Prince Siddhartha, who later became the Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.
China is Nepal’s second largest trading partner, with bilateral trade reaching $1.1 billion last year and Chinese investments in Nepal crossing $300 million. Xi called Nepal China’s partner for mutually benefi cial cooperation.
Xi highlighted the Zhong Hua Chinese Buddhist Monastery in Lumbini, calling it “another symbol of our religious and cultural interactions,” and mentioned Chinese monk Xuanzang’s visit to Lumbini.
Cultural connect
It is a long way from Mithila to Beijing, Mithila being an ancient cultural region in South Asia whose identity still survives through a colorful and intricate form of folk art, mostly done by women.
S.C. Suman learned the art from watching his grandmother paint. Today, he is a renowned Mithila folk artist who has attended prestigious art events in China with his paintings. The last was the Eighth Beijing International Art Biennale held in the National Art Museum in Beijing from August 30 to September 20. Themed A Colorful World and a Shared Future, it featured works by nearly 600 artists from 113 countries.
Suman’s pre-industrial landscape in South Asia with stylized trees and people living in harmony with nature under a vivid blue sky was one of the exhibits.
“I have also taken part in the seventh edition of the biennale and the Third Maritime Silk Road International Arts Festival in Quanzhou, Fujian Province (in southeast China),” he said. “China has the capability to hold such international art events attended by artists from all over the world. We can’t hold such huge events on our own in Nepal but we can access the international art market through China. In this way we can reach the world.”
Suman said the ties forged through art and culture are stronger than diplomatic links. “One of the first Nepalis to create a link with China was Arniko, an artist,” he said.
Xi also mentioned Arniko, saying, “Then in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), Arniko, the renowned Nepali architect, led a group of artisans to China and presided over the construction of the White Stupa at the Miaoying Temple in Beijing… These are but a few examples of our past interactions that have inspired a lasting friendship between our peoples.”
“Nepal, sitting between its larger neighbors China and India, is often overlooked since it is also an underdeveloped economy,” Suman said. “But Xi’s visit put us on the world map again.”
Copyedited by Rebeca Toledo
Comments to yanwei@bjreview.com
标签：例数论文; 区域论文; 环境论文; 机具论文; 矿体论文; 政治论文; 法律论文; 外交论文; 国际关系论文; 中国外交论文; 对外关系论文; 《BeijingReview》2019年第43期论文;